This test is not validated for use in pregnancy and should not be used to make reproductive decisions regarding a current pregnancy. These test results only apply to biological offspring of the mother tested. While evidence suggests that these maternal autoantibodies remain present for an extended period, retesting may be considered as clinically indicated. Repeat test results are not intended for comparison or monitoring changes. This test does not provide an autism diagnosis or evaluate genetic or environmental causes of autism.

References

1. Data on file. 

2. Ramirez-Celis, A., Becker, M., Nuño, M. et al. Risk assessment analysis for maternal autoantibody-related autism (MAR-ASD): a subtype of autism. Mol  Psychiatry 26, 1551–1560 (2021).  

3. Ramirez-Celis, A., Croen, L.A., Yoshida, C.K. et al. Maternal autoantibody profiles as biomarkers for ASD and ASD with co-occurring intellectual disability. Mol Psychiatry 27, 3760–3767 (2022). 

4. Bauman MD, Iosif AM, Ashwood P, Braunschweig D, Lee A, Schumann CM, Van de Water J, Amaral DG. Maternal antibodies from mothers of children with autism alter brain growth and social behavior development in the rhesus monkey. Transl Psychiatry. 2013 Jul 9;3(7):e278.